1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care
  4. Volume 2023, Issue 1
  5. Article
Volume 2023, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1999-7086
  • EISSN: 1999-7094

Abstract

A small proportion of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) become critically ill. Individuals’ blood group may influence their susceptibility to infection. However, the relationship between blood groups and clinical outcomes in severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not well established. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate the association between blood groups and clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

We retrospectively analyzed electronic health records of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) at Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Qatar, from March 7th, 2020, to July 15th, 2020. The study population was divided based on their blood groups into types A, B, AB, O, Rhesus (Rh)-positive, and Rh-negative. The primary outcome studied in each blood group was all-cause ICU mortality. Secondary outcomes evaluated were the requirement and duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU days, hospitalization days, and C-reactive protein (CRP) value on admission.

Eight hundred forty-eight patients were admitted to ICUs with severe COVID-19 during the study period. All-cause ICU mortality in the study population was 19.8% (168/848), and that in individuals with blood groups A, B, AB, O, Rh-positive, and Rh-negative was 22.6% (52/230), 18.1% (44/243), 22% (18/82), 18.4% (54/293), 20.4% (165/810), and 7.9% (3/38). Although the highest mortality was noted in blood group A, followed by AB, these observations failed to achieve statistical significance. Rh-negative blood type had lower odds of death compared to the Rh-positive one (odds ratio = 0.27; 95% confidence interval 0.08–0.99, = 0.049). None of the blood groups showed an association with the need for mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU and hospital stay, and CRP value on admission.

This study revealed no association between ABO blood groups and unfavorable clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The Rh-negative blood type was associated with slightly lower odds of death compared to the Rh-positive one.

© 2023 Ali, Ananthegowda, Ebrahim, Kannappilly, Abou Kamar, Al Wraidat, Aroos, Baloul, Mohamed, Nashwan, Khatib, licensee HBKU Press.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11
2023-02-07
2024-04-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jemtac/2023/1/jemtac.2023.11.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020 Mar 19; 91:(1):157–60.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. [Internet]. [accessed November 11, 2022]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Watkins WM. The ABO blood group system: historical background. Transfus Med. 2001 Aug; 11:(4):243–65.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Rowe JA, Handel IG, Thera MA, Deans AM, Lyke KE, Koné A, et al. Blood group O protects against severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria through the mechanism of reduced rosetting. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 October 30; 104:(44):17471–6.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Harris JB, Khan AI, LaRocque RC, Dorer DJ, Chowdhury F, Faruque AS, et al. Blood group, immunity, and risk of infection with Vibrio cholerae in an area of endemicity. Infect Immun. 2005 Nov; 73:(11):7422–7.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Wittels EG, Lichtman HC. Blood group incidence and Escherichia coli bacterial sepsis. Transfusion. 1986 Nov-Dec; 26:(6):533–5.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Sandler SG, Mallory D. Biological functions of blood groups in health and disease. Haematologia (Budap). 1995; 27:(1):1–13.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Jing W, Zhao S, Liu J, Liu M. ABO blood groups and hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2020; 10:(1):e034114.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Kumar NC, Nadimpalli M, Vardhan VR, Gopal SD. Association of ABO blood groups with Chikungunya virus. Virol J. 2010 Jun 25; 7::140.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Su S, Guo L, Ma T, Sun Y, Song A, Wang W, et al. Association of ABO blood group with respiratory disease hospitalization and severe outcomes: a retrospective cohort study in blood donors. Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Sep; 122::21–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Goel R, Bloch EM, Pirenne F, Al-Riyami AZ, Crowe E, Dau L, et al.; ISBT COVID-19 Working Group. ABO blood group and COVID-19: a review on behalf of the ISBT COVID-19 Working Group. Vox Sang. 2021 Sep; 116:(8):849–61.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Cheng Y, Cheng G, Chui CH, Lau FY, Chan PKS,Ng MHL, et al. ABO blood group and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome. JAMA. 2005; 293:(12):1447–51.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Zhao J, Yang Y, Huang H, Li D, Gu D, Lu X, et al. Relationship between the ABO blood group and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 July 15; 73:(2):328–31.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Fan Q, Zhang W, Li B, Li D-J, Zhang J, Zhao F. Association between ABO blood group system and COVID-19 susceptibility in Wuhan. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020; 10::404.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Muñiz-Diaz E, Llopis J, Parra R, Roig I, Ferrer G, Grifols J, et al. Relationship between the ABO blood group and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and mortality in two cohorts of patients. Blood Transfus. 2021 Jan; 19:(1):54–63.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Latz CA, DeCarlo C, Boitano L, Png CYM, Patell R, Conrad MF, et al. Blood type and outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Ann Hematol. 2020 Sep; 99:(9):2113–8.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Gursoy V, Avci S. Effect of ABO blood groups on length of hospital stay according to age in Covid-19 patients. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2022 Jan-Mar; 44:(1):7–12.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Hoiland RL, Fergusson NA, Mitra AR, Griesdale DEG, Devine DV, Stukas S, et al. The association of ABO blood group with indices of disease severity and multiorgan dysfunction in COVID-19. Blood Adv. 2020 Oct 27; 4:(20):4981–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Fujitani N, Liu Y, Okamura T, Kimura H. Distribution of H type 1-4 chains of the ABO(H) system in different cell types of human respiratory epithelium. J Histochem Cytochem. 2000 Dec; 48:(12):1649–56.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Wu SC, Arthur CM, Wang J, Verkerke H, Josephson CD, Kalman D, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain preferentially recognizes blood group A. Blood Adv. 2021 Mar 9; 5:(5):1305–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Guillon P, Clément M, Sébille V, Rivain J-G, Chou C-F, Ruvoёn-Clouet N, et al. Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies. Glycobiology. 2008 Dec; 18:(12):1085–93.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. McGonagle D, O’Donnell JS, Sharif K, Emery P, Bridgewood C. Immune mechanisms of pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy in COVID-19 pneumonia. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020; 2:(7):e437–45.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Murray GP, Post SR, Post GR. ABO blood group is a determinant of von Willebrand factor protein levels in human pulmonary endothelial cells. J Clin Pathol. 2020 Jun; 73:(6):347–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Afifi OAH, Abdelsalam EMN, Makhlouf AAEAM, Ibrahim MAM. Evaluation of coagulation factors activity in different types of plasma preparations. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2019 Jul; 35:(3):551–6.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Luo JQ, He FZ, Luo ZY, Wen JG, Wang LY, Sun NL, et al. Rs495828 polymorphism of the ABO gene is a predictor of enalapril-induced cough in Chinese patients with essential hypertension. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Jun; 24:(6):306–13.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Ray JG, Schull MJ, Vermeulen MJ, Park AL. Association between ABO and Rh blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness: A population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2021; 174:(3):308–15.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Zietz M, Zucker J, Tatonetti NP. Associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 13; 11:(1):5761.
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11
Loading
Association between blood groups and clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study
Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 2023, 11 (2023); https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11
/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11
/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2023.11
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Keyword(s): ABO blood groups, COVID-19, ICU mortality, mechanical ventilation and Rh blood groups

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error