1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care
  4. Volume 2022, Issue 6
  5. Article
6 The Anbar 2nd International Medical Conference (AIMCO 2022)
  • ISSN: 1999-7086
  • EISSN: 1999-7094

Abstract

Various digestive symptoms caused by COVID-19 are frequently reported. This study aims to describe the most frequent digestive signs in patients with COVID-19, the relationship between the severity of digestive symptoms and some serological markers associated with liver manifestation, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a stool sample, and the mortality rate of those patients.

A descriptive cross-sectional study on 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases with digestive and hepatic manifestation in one center (Fallujah Teaching Hospital), Anbar governorate, Iraq, during a period of study. Questioner’s data were formed for all patients regarding age, sex, and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. Liver function enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin and haematological parameters such as ferritin D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, amylase, leukocyte count, and prothrombin time were used. SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in stool is determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction according to manufacturer’s instructions. The mortality rate of patients with COVID-19 was also determined. Data were followed up until April 22, 2022.

Patients with digestive symptoms who had COVID-19 had an average age of 45.03 (SD 20.078), 52 (52%) were men, and 48 (48%) were women. No statistically significant variances were observed in the severity of digestive symptoms among age groups. The three digestive symptoms that patients with COVID-19 experienced most frequently were fatigue, fever, and abdominal colic. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the stool of 11% of the patients with COVID-19 with digestive signs. The COVID-19 mortality rate was 9%. Statistically, significant variance was observed in ALT ( value 0.01) and TBIL ( value 0.0027) levels between mild, moderate, and severe gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. The levels of CRP varied considerably among those with mild, moderate, and severe GI conditions ( value 0.0182, according to the findings). In mild, moderate, and severe GI disorders, ferritin levels differed considerably ( value 0.05).

The faecal sample with a nasopharyngeal swab is needed to confirm COVID-19 diagnosis; hepatic manifestations are connected with increased COVID-19 mortality in individuals with digestive symptoms.

© 2022 Wahab, Khalil, Majeed, licensee HBKU Press.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7
2022-12-06
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jemtac/2022/6/jemtac.2022.aimco.7.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ghazanfar H, Kandhi S, Shin D, Muthumanickam A, Gurjar H, Qureshi ZA, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on the gas-trointestinal tract: A clinical review. Cureus. 2022; 14:(3):e23333.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Al-Ani A. COVID-19 variants and vaccine benefits-risks balance. Anb Med J. 2021; 17:(2)46–48.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Hunt RH, East JE, Lanas A, Malfertheiner P, Satsangi J, Scarpignato C, et al. COVID-19 and gastrointestinal disease: implications for the gastroenterologist. Dig Dis. 2021; 39:(2):119–39.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Parasa S, Desai M, Chandrasekar VT, Patel HK, Kennedy KF, Roesch T, et al. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and fecal viral shedding in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020; 3:(6):e2011335-e.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Moura IB, Buckley AM, Wilcox MH. Can SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted via faeces? Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2022; 38:(1):26–29.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Gori A, Dondossola D, Antonelli B, Mangioni D, Alagna L, Reggiani P, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 and trans-plantation: a view from the inside. Am J Transplant. 2020; 20:(7):1939–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Kulkarni AV, Kumar P, Tevethia HV, Premkumar M, Arab JP, Candia R, et al. Systematic review with meta-analysis: liver manifestations and outcomes in COVID-19. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020; 52:(4):584–99.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Wang Q, Zhao H, Liu L-G, Wang Y-B, Zhang T, Li M-H, et al. Pattern of liver injury in adult patients with COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of 105 patients. Mil Med Res. 2020; 7:(1):1–8.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Jalil AT, Shanshool MT, Dilfy SH, Saleh MM, Suleiman AA. Hematological and serological parameters for detection of COVID-19. J Microbiol Biotechnol Food Sci. 2022; 11:(4):e4229-e.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Zhou Z, Zhao N, Shu Y, Han S, Chen B, Shu X. Effect of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with COVID-19. Gastroenterology. 2020; 158:(8):2294–7.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Borges do Nascimento I Jr, Cacic N, Abdulazeem HM, von Groote TC, Jayarajah U, Weerasekara I, et al. Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans: a scoping review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2020; 9:(4):941.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Pan L, Mu M, Yang P, Sun Y, Wang R, Yan J, et al. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020; 115:(5):766–73.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. de Almeida JFM, Chehter EZ. COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: what do we already know? Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2020; 18::eRW5909.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Cipriano M, Ruberti E, Giacalone A. Gastrointestinal infection could be new focus for coronavirus diagnosis. Cureus. 2020; 12:(3):e7422.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Cheung KS, Hung IF, Chan PP, Lung K, Tso E, Liu R, et al. Gastrointestinal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infec-tion and virus load in fecal samples from a Hong Kong cohort: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2020; 159:(1):81–95.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Chen LY, Chu HK, Bai T, Tu SJ, Wei Y, Li ZL, et al. Liver damage at admission is an independent prognostic factor for COVID-19. J Dig Dis. 2020; 21:(9):512–8.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Al-Ani A, Ghazzay HI, Al Shawi AF, Al-koubaisy HNE, Al-Ani F, Aldouri M. Association of chronic diseases with mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 treated with convalescent plasma: Evidence from a single cen-ter–Iraq. J Emerg Med Trauma Acute Care. 2022; 2022:(2):13.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Lim MA, Pranata R, Huang I, Yonas E, Soeroto AY, Supriyadi R. Multiorgan failure with emphasis on acute kidney injury and severity of COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Kidney Health Dis. 2020; 7::2054358120938573.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Wu J, Liu J, Zhao X, Liu C, Wang W, Wang D, et al. Clinical characteristics of imported cases of coronavirus dis-ease 2019 (COVID-19) in Jiangsu Province: a multicenter descriptive study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 71:(15):706–12.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Sweed D, Abdelsameea E, Khalifa EA, Abdallah H, Moaz H, Moaz I, et al. SARS-CoV-2-associated gastrointesti-nal and liver diseases: what is known and what is needed to explore. Egypt Liver J. 2021; 11:(1):1–15.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Kumar-M P, Mishra S, Jha DK, Shukla J, Choudhury A, Mohindra R, et al. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the liver: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatol Int. 2020; 14:(5):711–22.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Zhang X, Yu Y, Zhang C, Wang H, Zhao L, Wang H, et al. Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 invasion into the liver and hepatic injury in patients with COVID-19. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2022; 14:(1):e2022003.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Alqahtani SA, Schattenberg JM. Liver injury in COVID-19: The current evidence. United European Gastroenterol J. 2020; 8:(5):509–19.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Ghazzay H, Al-Ani RM, Khalil MA, Hammad AF. Socio-clinical characteristics of COVID-19 disease in Anbar Gov-ernorate, Iraq. J Emerg Med Trauma Acute Care. 2021; 2021:(1):8.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Hassan BM, Khalil MA, Abdulhameed RA, Al-Anbari AJK. A comparative study on the chest CT scan radiological findings and hematological parameters of COVID–19 and NON–COVID-19 pneumoniapatients in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. Medico-Legal Update. 2020; 20:(4):833–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Jasim MA, Ghazzay H, Noaman H, Khalil M, Johna S. The outcome of telemedicine services for COVID-19 pa-tients in “Al-Anbar” province west of Iraq. J Emerg Med Trauma Acute Care. 2021; 2021:(3):16.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Al-Ani RM. Smell and taste abnormalities due to COVID-19. Anb Med J. 2020; 16:(1):1–2.
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7
Loading
Impact of COVID-19 on the digestive system: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 2022, 7 (2022); https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7
/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7
/content/journals/10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.7
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Keyword(s): Anbar governorate, COVID-19, digestive symptoms, haematological parameters, Iraq, SARS-CoV-2 and stool

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error