1887
Volume 2016, Issue 1
  • EISSN: 1703-1958

Abstract

This study attempts to address the challenges of students in higher education in Qatar. The study draws on student perceptions, beliefs, outlook, and context; we approach the study through grounded means by posing leading interview questions with the aim of exploring and probing. The approach is grounded in that no specific theory drives the questions; rather, the responses from the interview often require interpretation through theory to justify the findings. The sample comprised 35 students who were interviewed through probing and questioning techniques. The questions led to converging responses, which were segregated into themes. A large majority of students felt advising was absent or mismanaged, while some also were of the view that schools did not prepare them to enjoy the benefits of extracurricular activities; many students further viewed English or the Foundation Program (preparatory year's program) a barrier to their continuation in higher education. The most striking result was the apparent relationship between advising and student preparation in secondary school. Schools in Qatar and particularly independent schools (public schools) assign only a small role to advising and inducing strategies that reflect independence and any future anticipatory approaches to link expectations of higher education with support and guidance systems in secondary school.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.5339/nmejre.2016.2
2016-06-25
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/nmejre/2016/1/nmejre.2016.2.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.5339/nmejre.2016.2&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adelman C. Answers in the Tool Box: Academic Intensity, Attendance Patterns, and Bachelor's Degree Attainment. Jessup, MD: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education 1999.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Adelman C. The Toolbox Revisited: Path to Degree Completion from High School Through College. U.S. Department of Education 2006.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ajzen L, Fishbein M. Attitudes and normative beliefs as factors influencing behavioral intentions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1972; 21:2:19.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Astin AW. Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of College Student Personnel. 1984; 25:4:297308.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Astin A, Oseguera L. The declining “equity” of American higher education. The Review of Higher Education. 2004; 27::321341.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bean JP. Assessing and reducing attrition. In: Hossler D, ed. Managing College Enrollment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass 1986;:4761.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bentler PM, Speckart G. Attitudes “cause” behaviors: A structural equation analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1981; 40:2:226238.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Berrebi C. Qatar's labor markets at a crucial crossroad. Middle East Journal. 2009; 63:3:421442.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Bettinger E, Long B. Addressing the needs of under-prepared students in higher education: Does college remediation work? 2006. Accessed April 29, 2010 from: www.postsecondaryresearch.org/i/a/document/4924_BettingerLong2006.pdf .
  10. Bjorklund SA, Parente JM, Sathianathan D. Effects of faculty interaction and feedback on gains in student skills. Journal of Engineering Education. 2004; 93:2:153160.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bordelon TD, Phillips I. Service-learning: What students have to say. Active Learning in Higher Education. 2006; 7:2:143153.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Borman GD, Rachuba L, Stringfield S. Advancing Minority High Achievement. National Trends and Promising Programs and Practices 2000.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Braxton JM. Reworking the Student Departure Puzzle. Nashville, TN: Vanderbuilt University Press 2000.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Braxton JM, McClendon SA. The fostering of student integration and retention through institutional practice. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory, & Practice. 2002; 3:1:5771.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Cain M. The Community College in the Twenty-first Century: A Systems Approach. New York: University Press of America 1999.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Chapman DW, Pascarella ET. Predictors of academic and social integration of college students. Research in Higher Education. 1983; 19::295322.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Chickering AW, Gamson Z. Seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education. AAHE Bulletin. 1987; 3::7.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Cole JS, Kennedy M, Ben-Avie M. The role of precollege data in assessing and understanding student engagement in college. New Directions for Institutional Research. 2009; 141::5569.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Cote JE, Levine C. Student motivations, learning environments, and human capital acquisition: Toward an integrated paradigm of student development. Journal of College Student Development. 1997; 38::229243.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Covington MV. Self-Esteem and failure in school. Analysis and policy implications. In: Mecca AMSnicker NJVasconcellos J, eds. The Social Importance of Self-Esteem. Berkeley: University of California Press 1989.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Dekker S, Fischer R. Cultural differences in academic motivation goals: A meta-analysis across 13 societies. Journal of Educational Research. 2008; 102:2:99110.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. DeStefano TJ, Mellott RN, Peterson JD. A preliminary assessment of the impact of counseling on student adjustment to college. Journal of College Counseling. 2001; 4::113121.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Eliot L. What's going on in there. How the brain and mind develop in the first five years of life. Accessed November 27, 2015 from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lise_Eliot/publication/31862386_What%27s_Going_on_in_There__How_the_Brain_and_Mind_Develop_in_the_First_Five_Years_of_Life__L._Eliot/links/09e41511bd2911183e000000.pdf  1999.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Elliot AJ, McGregor HA. Test anxiety and the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1999; 76:4:628.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Feldt RC, Graham M, Dew D. Measuring adjustment to college: Construct validity of the student adaptation to college questionnaire. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development. 2011; 44:2:92104.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Flores-Gonzalez N. The structuring of extracurricular opportunities and Latino student retention. Journal of Poverty. 2000; 4:1:85108.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Glennen RE, Farren PJ, Vowell FN. How advising and retention of students improves fiscal stability. NACADA Journal. 1996; 16:1:3841.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Halpin R. An application of the Tinto model to the analysis of freshman persistence in a community college. Community College Review. 1990; 17:4:2232.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Hansen K, Reeve S, Gonzales J, Sudweeeks R, Hatch G, Esplin P, Bradshaw W. Are advanced placement English and first-year college composition equivalent? Research in Teaching English. 2006; 40:4:461501.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Heng K. The effects of faculty behaviors on the academic achievement of first-year Cambodian urban university students. Educational Research Policy and Practice. 2014; 13::233250.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Hong S, Ho HZ. Direct and indirect longitudinal effects of parental involvement on student achievement: Second-order latent growth modeling across ethnic groups. Journal of Educational Psychology. 2005; 97:1:32.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Hurtado S, Carter DF, Spuler A. Latino student transition to college: Assessing difficulties and factors in successful college adjustment. Research in Higher Education. 1996; 37:2:135157.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Ishitanti T, DesJardins S. A longitudinal investigation of dropout from college in the United States. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory, & Practice. 2002; 4:2:173201.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Kaufman J, Gabler J. Cultural capital and the extracurricular activities of girls and boys in the college attainment process. Poetics. 2004; 32::145168.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Kenny M E, Stryker S. Social Network Characteristics of White, African American, Asian and Latino/a College Students and College Adjustment: A Longitudinal Study. Paper presented at the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association Los Angeles, CA. August 12–16, 1994.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Kern CW, Fagley NS, Miller PM. Correlates of college retention and GPA: Learning and study strategies, testwiseness, attitudes, and ACT. Journal of College Counseling. 1998; 1:1:2634.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Kozulin A. Psychological tools and mediated learning. In: Vygotsky's Educational Theory in Cultural Context. Cambridge University Press 2003;:1538.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Kuh G. Assessing what really matters to student learning: Inside the national survey of student engagement. Change. 2001; 33:3:1017.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Kuh G. What student engagement data tell us about college readiness. Association of American College and Universities (AAC&U). Peer Review. 2007; 9:1:48, Retrieved June 26, 2015, from http://www.aacu.org/publications-research/periodicals/what-student-engagement-data-tell-us-about-college-readiness .
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Kuh GD, Cruce TM, Shoup R, Kinzie J, Gonyea RM. Unmasking the effects of student engagement on first-year college grades and persistence. The Journal of Higher Education. 2008; 79:5:540563.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Kuh GD, Kinzie J, Buckley JA, Bridges BK, Hayek JC. Piecing Together the Student Success Puzzle: Research, Propositions, and Recommendations. ASHE Higher Education Report, Volume 32, Number 5. ASHE Higher Education Report. 2007; 32:5:1182.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Lee S, Bradley K. Relational between general self-efficacy, assertiveness, spirituality, and acculturative stress among international students. Self-efficacy, Assertiveness, and Spirituality. 2001; 1::125.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Light R. Making the Most of College: Students Speak their Minds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press 2001.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Lin C. Culture shock and social support: An investigation of a Chinese student organization on a US campus. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research. 2006; 35:2:117137.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Lin JCG, Yi JK. Asian international students' adjustment: Issues and program suggestions. College Student Journal. 1997; 31:4:473479.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Lotkowski VA, Robbins SB, Noeth RJ. The role of academic and non-academic factors in improving college retention. ACT Policy Report, 2004.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Mangold WD, Bean LG, Adams DJ, Schwab WA, Lynch SM. Who goes who stays: An assessment of the effect of a freshman mentoring and unit registration program on college persistence. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory, & Practice. 2003; 4:2:95122.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Markus HR, Kitayama S. Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review. 1991; 98::224253.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. McArthur R. Faculty – Based advising: An important factor in community college retention. Community College Review. 2005; 32:4:119.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. McNeel SP. College teaching and student moral development. Moral Development in the Professions: Psychology and Applied Ethics. 1994; 27::49.
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Melnick M, Sabo D, Vanfossen B. Educational effects of interscholastic participation on African-American and Hispanic youth. Adolescence. 1992; 27::295308.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Mori S. Addressing the mental health concerns of international students. Journal of Counseling & Development. 2000; 78:2:137144.
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Nasser R. The breadth and depth of foundation courses in Qatar's only public institution of higher education. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education. 2012; 4:1:4257.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Nasser R, Alkubaisy M, Al-Horr K. The Qatari National Scholarship Program: Selectivity and graduation in relation university student achievement and time of study. The Near and Middle East Journal of Research in Education. 2015; 3::112.
    [Google Scholar]
  55. O'Brien C, Shedd J. Getting Through College: Voices of Low-Income and Minority Students in New England. Washington, DC: The Institute for Higher Education Policy 2001.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Pascarella ET. Racial differences in factors associated with bachelor's degree completion: A nine-year follow-up. Research in Higher Education. 1985; 23:4:351373.
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Pascarella E, Chapman D. A multi-institutional path analytical validation of Tinto's Model of college withdrawal. American Educational Research Journal. 1983; 20::87102.
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Pascarella E, Edison M, Nora A, Hagedorn L, Braxton J. Effects of teacher organization/preparation and teacher skill/clarity on general cognitive skills in college. Journal of College Student Development. 1996; 37::719.
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Pascarella E, Terenzini P. Patterns of student-faculty informal interaction beyond the classroom and voluntary freshman attrition. Journal of Higher Education. 1977; 48::540552.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Pascarella ET, Terenzini PT. How College Affects Students. Vol. 2. Feldman KA, ed. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass 2005.
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Phillipson S, Phillipson SN. Academic expectations, belief of ability, and involvement by parents as predictors of child achievement: A cross-cultural comparison. Educational Psychology. 2007; 27:3:329348.
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Poyrazli S, Kavanaugh PR, Baker A, Al-Timimi N. Social support and demographic correlates of acculturative stress in international students. Journal of College Counseling. 2004; 7::7382.
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Qatar National Development Strategy. Qatar General Secretariat for Development Planning: Doha 2011.
  64. Reagan TG. Non-Western Educational Traditions: Alternative Approaches to Educational Thought and Practice. Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates 1996.
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Rendon LI. Validating culturally diverse students toward a new model of learning and student development. Innovative Higher Education. 1994; 9:1:3351.
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Robbins SB, Lauver K, Le H, Davis D, Langley R, Carlstrom A. Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 2004; 130::261288.
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Rostron M. Liberal arts education in Qatar: Intercultural perspectives. Intercultural Education. 2009; 20:3:219229.
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Sewell W, Shah V. Social class, parental encouragement, and educational aspirations. American Journal of Sociology. 1968; 73::559572.
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Shoenberg R. Why do I Have to take this Course? Credit Hours, Transfer, and Curricular Coherence. General Education in an Age of Student Mobility: An Invitation to Discuss Systematic Curricular Planning, Association of American Colleges and Universities, Washington, DC; 2000. Accessed March 26, 2010, from www.aacu-edu.org/transfer/studentmobility/whydoi.cfm .
  70. Stuart M, Lido C, Morgan J, Solomon L, May S. The impact of engagement with extracurricular activities on the student experience and graduate outcomes for widening participation populations. Active Learning in Higher Education. 2011; 12:3:203215.
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Sultana R. Higher education in the Mediterranean: Managing change and ensuring quality. Mediterranean Journal of Educational Studies. 1997; 2:2:131148.
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Tanaka A, Yamauchi H. Cultural self-construal and achievement goal. Hellenic Journal of Psychology. 2004; 1::221237.
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Terenzini P, Pascarella E. The relation of student's precollege characteristics and freshman year experience to voluntary attrition. Research in Higher Education. 1977a; 9::347366.
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Terenzini PT, Pascarella ET. Voluntary freshman attrition and patterns of social and academic integration in a university: A test of a conceptual model. Research in Higher Education. 1977b; 6::2544.
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Tinto V. Dropout from higher education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research. Review of Educational Research. 1975; 45:1:89125.
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Tinto V. Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1987.
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Tinto V. Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1993.
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Tinto V. Classrooms as communities: Exploring the educational character of student persistence. Journal of Higher Education. 1997; 68:6:599623.
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Tinto V. Taking student success seriously: Rethinking the first year of college. In Ninth Annual Intersession Academic Affairs Forum, California State University, Fullerton, 2005, January, 5–11 2005, January.
  80. Wie M, Russell DW, Zakalik RA. Adult attachment, social self-efficacy, self-disclosure, loneliness, and subsequent depression for freshman college students: A longitudinal study. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2005; 52::602614.
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Yeh CJ, Inose M. International students' reported English fluency, social support satisfaction, and social connectedness as predictors of acculturative stress. Counseling Psychology Quarterly. 2003; 16:1:1528.
    [Google Scholar]
  82. Zeithaml VA, Parasuraman A, Berry LL. Delivering Service Quality: Balancing Customer Perceptions and Expectations. New York, NY: Free Press 1990.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.5339/nmejre.2016.2
Loading
/content/journals/10.5339/nmejre.2016.2
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): and decisionsbarriershigher education providersservicesstudent outlook and student perceptions
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error