1887
Volume 2025, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 0253-8253
  • E-ISSN: 2227-0426

Globally, cognitive impairment has evolved as a major health and social issue. Hypertension, age, and stroke are independent risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment. Elderly individuals with hypertension are more prone to earlier cognitive decline. The risk is reduced by proper antihypertensive treatment. Various classes of antihypertensive drugs have varied protective effects on cognition, so we aimed to compare the cognitive scores of individuals taking different classes of antihypertensive drugs and correlate the blood pressure levels with their cognitive scores.

Known hypertensive individuals belonging to the age group of 35 to 60 years participated in this single-center cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center in southern India. Individuals with any chronic systemic illness or any history of pre-existing cognitive impairment were excluded from the study. After taking a detailed history on hypertension and drug history, the patient’s cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Out of a total score of 30, greater than or equal to 26 is considered normal. The hypertensive individuals were divided into three groups, namely those who were taking Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), and other antihypertensive drugs, and their cognitive scores were compared.

Two hundred and forty-nine known hypertensive individuals participated in the study, of whom 43% were found to be males. Patients on ARBs (25.1 ± 3) had higher cognitive scores compared to CCBs (22.6 ± 3.8) and other antihypertensive drugs (24.3 ± 3.8). When the cognitive scores were correlated with mean arterial pressure, it showed a negative association was shown (-value, 0.45). When grouped individually and analyzed using an independent t-test, patients who have been hypertensive for more than 5 years and who were on irregular treatment showed lower cognitive scores, which is statistically significant.

Our study showed a strong association between hypertension and cognitive function decline, and also the ARBs’ protective effect over other classes of antihypertensive drugs. The pharmacodynamics of different classes of antihypertensive drugs should be taken into account to support the cognitive health of hypertensive individuals.

© 2025 Deepalakshmi, Vijayabaskaran, Subhiksha, licensee HBKU Press.
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Correlation of cognitive functions of hypertensive patients on different classes of antihypertensive drugs
Qatar Medical Journal 2025, 106 (٢٠٢٥); https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2025.106
/content/journals/10.5339/qmj.2025.106
/content/journals/10.5339/qmj.2025.106
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  • نوع المستند: Research Article
الموضوعات الرئيسية angiotensin receptor blockers, antihypertensive drugs, calcium channel blockers, cognition and hypertension

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